That’s a huge loss for society, according to Miho Hattori, who works with some of the producers at a workshop that supplies Majerca.

“Some workers here have a career of more than 30 years, and they are so experienced that we should refer to them as artisans,” Hattori told AFP.

Around two dozen employees with various intellectual impairments work at the site.

In one area, men filter pulp and press paper to make cards, while elsewhere a woman spins yarn from raw wool and others manage a wooden weaver unfurling beautiful fabric.

“I am making the fabric for stoles, using wool for the woof and cotton for the warp,” Ayame Kawasaki, a 28-year-old with Down’s syndrome, tells AFP.

“I like weaving.”

‘Apologetically priced’

The workshop sells bags and stoles to shops and galleries, with items priced at several thousand yen. After costs, each worker can expect to bring in about 15,000 yen ($130) a month, an amount Hattori describes as “heartbreaking”.

It is not the main source of income for the workers, who are entitled to government support, and the figure is about the national average for people with intellectual disabilities, according to the welfare ministry.

“Their labour and their products are so valuable but they remain invisible,” said Mitsuhiro Fujimoto, founder of Majerca, which is operated by five employees without disabilities.

Fujimoto was inspired to launch the store after buying wooden toys he later discovered were made by workers with intellectual disabilities.

Majerca passes about 60-70 percent of product revenue back to producers and Fujimoto says he encourages artisans to value their work and demand fair pay, not just charity.

“At times, I’ve raised the price by more than five times on something that was apologetically priced at just 500 yen,” he told AFP.

Fashion house Heralbony, which produces high-end items working with about 150 designers with intellectual disabilities, also prices its products at a level it says reflects the work of its employees.

It has organised pop-up shops at glitzy department stores, showcasing its colourful apparel next to products from top makers such as HermesLouis Vuitton

It offers ties at 24,200 yen and blouses at more than that, which spokeswoman Miu Nakatsuka says are fairly priced.

“In Japan’s welfare sector, there’s long been a sort of hesitation that suggested people receiving public welfare services are not supposed to make money,” she told AFP.

Heralbony says its workers receive a licensing fee of at least five percent of an item’s price, and sometimes 10-30 percent, exceeding the local industry average of three percent.

‘This is discrimination’

Welfare workers say social stereotypes hinder work opportunities for people with impairments, but they also blame Japanese law.

“In Japan, a disabled working person is not allowed to use their publicly funded helper to commute or at a workplace,” said Masashi Hojo, the director of an association of welfare workshops in Tokyo.

“This is discrimination.”

The situation was highlighted in 2019 when two severely disabled candidates won seats in Japan’s upper house.

Their assistants are paid for by the upper house, but the lawmakers want the rules changed to help the 11,500 other seriously disabled people who rely on public care.

Despite the obstacles for workers, Heralbony, which was founded three years ago, is profitable.

The firm plans to expand into interior and furniture items this year.

And Majerca operator Fujimoto believes showcasing products by workers with disabilities will help challenge stereotypes about working with an impairment.

“By visiting Majerca, I hope people will see what they do, and what they can do, and start thinking about whether they are being treated fairly,” he said.